{"id":16113,"date":"2022-07-07T10:32:44","date_gmt":"2022-07-07T13:32:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.neomind.com.br\/?p=16113"},"modified":"2022-07-07T10:32:45","modified_gmt":"2022-07-07T13:32:45","slug":"learn-the-differences-between-http-1-1-and-http-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.neomind.com.br\/en\/blog\/learn-the-differences-between-http-1-1-and-http-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Learn the differences between HTTP\/1.1 and HTTP\/2"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Acronym for Hypertext Transfer Protocol, HTTP is the protocol used to send and receive information on the web, and it\u2019s based on requests and responses between clients and servers. The basic operation of HTTP goes as follows: the client \u2014 a browser or device making a request \u2014 requests a certain resource by sending an information packet containing some headers to a URL. The server receives this information and returns a response.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">How it all began<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>HTTP has been in use since 1991. The first version of the protocol, called HTTP\/0.9, was a simple data transferring protocol in <a href=\"https:\/\/pt.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ASCII\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">ASCII<\/a> text format over the Internet. Then, the HTTP\/1.0 version was released in 1996 to meet the need to transfer not only text. Richer data, request and response metadata, and content negotiation, for example, were now considered.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The third version, 1.1, was released in 1999. Its release is considered a milestone that set the Internet standard. The HTTP\/1.1 protocol, besides solving numerous ambiguities of version 1.0, introduced critical performance improvements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>From the 2000s on, through the boom in Internet usage, the number of devices connected to it grew exponentially. With this exorbitant growth came the need for performance improvements. That&#8217;s how SPDY was born in 2009, a protocol created by Google engineers to help overcome HTTP\/1.1 performance problems.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>These moves caught the attention of the HTTP Working Group (HTTP-WG). In 2015, 16 years after the release of HTTP\/1.1, HTTP\/2 was born. Without changing the protocol\u2019s semantics, significant improvements were achieved in information transport performance, as well as lower latency and higher throughput.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">HTTP\/2 Main Features<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>To better understand HTTP\/2, take a look at the following characteristics.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Single connection and multiplexing<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>HTTP\/1.1 is a sequential protocol, where the browser opens only one TCP connection, requests one file, and only after receiving the file it moves to the next one. If a file is too large, or the server processing is too slow, the page can crash. To minimize this issue, browsers usually open multiple connections, between 6 and 8, per server. In HTTP\/2, on the other hand, a TCP connection will be persistent and only one per source is needed since parallel requests and responses can request\/receive all the necessary files.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This brings a reduction in processing and memory consumption, a reduction in network operating cost, and increased usability. The result is reduced network latency and lower hardware and software costs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"454\" src=\"https:\/\/www.neomind.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Multiplexing-img.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-16115\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.neomind.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Multiplexing-img.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.neomind.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Multiplexing-img-300x177.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Binary framing layer<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>This is the core of all HTTP\/2 performance improvements, determining how HTTP messages are encapsulated and transferred between client and server. The encoding mechanism has been redesigned without changing the semantics of methods, verbs, and headers. Communication is broken into frames, over a single TCP connection.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"905\" height=\"465\" src=\"https:\/\/www.neomind.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/enquadramento-binario.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-16118\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.neomind.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/enquadramento-binario.png 905w, https:\/\/www.neomind.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/enquadramento-binario-300x154.png 300w, https:\/\/www.neomind.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/enquadramento-binario-768x395.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 905px) 100vw, 905px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Request Prioritization<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>It enables the browser to request all elements when discovered, communicating to the server its intention to prioritize any of them. This is done through dependencies and stream weights. An example of this is when CSS files and JS files are requested, that with HTTP\/2 the browser will prioritize CSS files first, even if its request in DOM order comes after the JS.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"874\" height=\"355\" src=\"https:\/\/www.neomind.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Request-Prioritization.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-16121\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.neomind.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Request-Prioritization.png 874w, https:\/\/www.neomind.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Request-Prioritization-300x122.png 300w, https:\/\/www.neomind.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Request-Prioritization-768x312.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 874px) 100vw, 874px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Server Push<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>It allows the server to send multiple responses to the client, from a single request, without the client explicitly asking for it. Imagine the following scenario: a web browser requests a page\u2019s HTML file; the server then responds with the requested file and also sends the CSS file, JavaScript, icons, and other things.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"814\" height=\"317\" src=\"https:\/\/www.neomind.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Server-Push.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-16124\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.neomind.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Server-Push.png 814w, https:\/\/www.neomind.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Server-Push-300x117.png 300w, https:\/\/www.neomind.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Server-Push-768x299.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 814px) 100vw, 814px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Automatic compression<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>HTTP requests have headers with important information about the resource and its properties. With HTTP\/2 the headers are compressed using the HPACK algorithm, thus reducing the size of each transfer and maintaining and updating an indexed list of the header fields seen earlier. In addition, data compression via GZIP, which needs to be enabled in HTTP\/1.1, became standard in version 2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"780\" height=\"658\" src=\"https:\/\/www.neomind.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Automatic-compression.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-16127\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.neomind.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Automatic-compression.png 780w, https:\/\/www.neomind.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Automatic-compression-300x253.png 300w, https:\/\/www.neomind.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Automatic-compression-768x648.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 780px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Data security and encryption<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The HTTP\/2 protocol has been implemented to work with or without encryption. However, all major browsers declared that they will only support HTTP\/2 with encryption, requiring the use of an SSL certificate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"779\" height=\"400\" src=\"https:\/\/www.neomind.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Data-security-and-encryption.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-16138\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.neomind.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Data-security-and-encryption.jpg 779w, https:\/\/www.neomind.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Data-security-and-encryption-300x154.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.neomind.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Data-security-and-encryption-768x394.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 779px) 100vw, 779px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>[IMAGEM: Client, SSL Certification, Encrypted Data, Server]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Conclusion<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Web applications like <a href=\"https:\/\/www.neomind.com.br\/en\/try\/?ref=blog\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Fusion Cloud<\/a>, through the implementation of HTTP\/2, are showing significant performance improvements, with a big difference in page load times, thus enabling a reduction in hardware costs and a better browsing experience for users.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br><strong>References:<\/strong><br><a href=\"https:\/\/pt.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Wikipedia<\/a>,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/developers.google.com\/web\/fundamentals\/performance\/http2\/?hl=pt-br\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Google Web Fundamentals,<\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/king.host\/blog\/2017\/04\/o-que-e-o-http2-e-quais-os-seus-beneficios\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">KingHost<\/a>,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/hpbn.co\/http2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">HPBN<\/a>,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/blog.apiki.com\/http2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Apiki<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>HTTP has been in use since 1991. From the initial version (0.9) to HTTP\/2 a lot has changed. Learn about the history and understand the main features of HTTP\/2.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":21,"featured_media":16131,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[358],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-16113","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-innovation-it"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Learn the differences between HTTP\/1.1 and HTTP\/2 - Neomind<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"HTTP has been in use since 1991. From the initial version (0.9) to HTTP\/2 a lot has changed. 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Learn about the history and understand the main features of HTTP\/2.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.neomind.com.br\/en\/blog\/learn-the-differences-between-http-1-1-and-http-2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Neomind\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/neomindsocial\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2022-07-07T13:32:44+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2022-07-07T13:32:45+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.neomind.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Learn-the-differences-between-HTTP11-and-HTTP2-thumb.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"630\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Cristiano Cordeiro\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Cristiano Cordeiro\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.neomind.com.br\/en\/blog\/learn-the-differences-between-http-1-1-and-http-2\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.neomind.com.br\/en\/blog\/learn-the-differences-between-http-1-1-and-http-2\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Cristiano Cordeiro\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.neomind.com.br\/#\/schema\/person\/fbc2e1e2c73351932fbc407162a468eb\"},\"headline\":\"Learn the differences between HTTP\/1.1 and HTTP\/2\",\"datePublished\":\"2022-07-07T13:32:44+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2022-07-07T13:32:45+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.neomind.com.br\/en\/blog\/learn-the-differences-between-http-1-1-and-http-2\/\"},\"wordCount\":721,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.neomind.com.br\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.neomind.com.br\/en\/blog\/learn-the-differences-between-http-1-1-and-http-2\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.neomind.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Learn-the-differences-between-HTTP11-and-HTTP2.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Innovation &amp; IT\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.neomind.com.br\/en\/blog\/learn-the-differences-between-http-1-1-and-http-2\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.neomind.com.br\/en\/blog\/learn-the-differences-between-http-1-1-and-http-2\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.neomind.com.br\/en\/blog\/learn-the-differences-between-http-1-1-and-http-2\/\",\"name\":\"Learn the differences between HTTP\/1.1 and HTTP\/2 - Neomind\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.neomind.com.br\/#website\"},\"about\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.neomind.com.br\/#organization\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.neomind.com.br\/en\/blog\/learn-the-differences-between-http-1-1-and-http-2\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.neomind.com.br\/en\/blog\/learn-the-differences-between-http-1-1-and-http-2\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.neomind.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Learn-the-differences-between-HTTP11-and-HTTP2.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2022-07-07T13:32:44+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2022-07-07T13:32:45+00:00\",\"description\":\"HTTP has been in use since 1991. 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